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Type of paperBook/Movie Review
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SubjectBusiness
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Number of pages3
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationAPA
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Number of cited resources3
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Type of paperArticle (Any Type)
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SubjectEnglish
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Number of pages4
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationMLA
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Number of cited resources2
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Type of paperResearch Paper
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SubjectPolitical Science
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Number of pages4
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationMLA
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Number of cited resources4
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Type of paperAdmission Essay
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SubjectApplication Essay
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Number of pages2
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationAPA
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Number of cited resourcesNot specified
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Type of paperEssay (Any Type)
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SubjectPsychology
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Number of pages4
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationAPA
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Number of cited resources4
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Annotated Bibliography
Capell, Brian C., et al. “A farnesyltransferase inhibitor prevents both the onset and late progression of cardiovascular disease in a progeria mouse model.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105.41 (2008): 15902-15907.
Almost all cases of HGPS are caused by a de novo point mutation in the lamin A (LMNA) gene that results in production of a mutant laminA protein termed progerin. This protein is permanently modified by a lipid farnesyl group, and acts as a dominant negative, disrupting nuclear structure. Treatment with farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) has been shown to prevent and even reverse this nuclear abnormality in cultured HGPS fibroblasts. We have previously created a mouse model of HGPS that shows progressive loss of vascular smooth muscle cells in the media of the large arteries, in a pattern that is strikingly similar to the cardiovascular disease seen in patients with HGPS. Here we show that the dose-dependent administration of the FTI tipifarnib (R115777, Zarnestra) to this HGPS mouse model can significantly prevent both the onset of the cardiovascular phenotype as well as the late progression of existing cardiovascular disease. These observations provide encouraging evidence for the current clinical trial of FTIs for this rare and devastating disease.
Dietz, Harry C. “New therapeutic approaches to mendelian disorders.” New England Journal of Medicine 363.9 (2010): 852-863.
The overarching task of this article was to focus on therapeutic strategies that exploit a precise understanding of the pathogenesis of a mendelian disease, giving examples that illustrate the strengths and limitations of each approach, as well as the potential for broadening its application to the treatment of more common disorders. When Dietz took a closer look at Hutchinson-Gilford progeria the results brought more questions to the surface. Because alterations in nuclear morphologic characteristics reminiscent of those in patients with the Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome are also seen in patients with other conditions caused by mutations in LMNA thatneither alter processing of pre–lamin A nor are associated with premature features of aging, it re- mains unclear whether nuclear blebbing is an informative surrogate for critical phenotypes of the Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome. Moreover, it is possible that more relevant pathogenic mechanisms depend on an inability of progerin to support the essential nuclear functions carried out by mature (processed) lamin A.
Gordon, Leslie B., et al. “Progeria: a paradigm for translational medicine.” Cell 156.3 (2014): 400-407.
Gordon’s article offers insight to how rare diseases are used as models for the development of therapeutic strategies. The progress made on the premature aging disorder Progeria is a shining example of the impact that studies of rare diseases can have.Many of the hot topics in the field have both a basic and translatable clinical component, and the basic-clinical connection will be driving much of the future work. A roadmap becomes evident for optimizing the chances of tackling a disease once its molecular basis is uncovered. Due to the fact that Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a premature aging syndrome we are able to take a look at the diagnosed and relate it to what should be a normal aging process in those without HGPS.Much like in normal aging, tissue functions appear to be compromised in HGPS. A window into aging related cardiovascular disease is opened. Evidence supports the hypothesis that progerin levels increase with age promoting vascular calcification.The prominence of the vascular defects in progeria may provide an interesting model system to explore the effectiveness of tissue-targeted approaches in systemic diseases.
Liu, Guang-Hui, et al. “Recapitulation of premature ageing with iPSCs from Hutchinson- Gilford progeria syndrome.” Nature 472.7342 (2011): 221-225.
HGPS is caused by a single point mutation in the lamin A (LMNA) gene, resulting in the generation of progerin, a truncated splicing mutant of lamin A. Accumulation of progerin leads to various ageing-associated nuclear defects including disorganization of nuclear lamina and loss of heterochromatin. In thisreport, the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from fibroblasts obtained from patients with HGPS. HGPS-iPSCs show absence of progerin, and more importantly, lack the nuclear envelope and epigenetic alterations normally associated with premature ageing. Upon differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs, progerin and its ageing-associated phenotypic consequences are restored. Specifically, directed differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs to SMCs leads to the appearance of premature senescence phenotypes associated with vascular ageing.Because progerin also accumulates during physiological ageing6, 12, 13, our results provide an in vitroiPSC-based model to study the pathogenesis of human premature and physiological vascular ageing.
Makous, Norman, et al. “Cardiovascular manifestations in progeria. Report of clinical and pathologic findings in a patient with severe arteriosclerotic heart disease and aortic stenosis.” American heart journal 64.3 (1962): 334-346.
The case of a 12-year-old boy with progeria, which was previously reported during his lifetime, is presented again, but this time with postmortem findings and with emphasis on the cardiovascular abnormalities. Death resulted from coronary artery atheromatosis and insufficiency, interstitial myocardial fibrosis, and calcific aortic stenosis.
The 31 other typical cases of progeria reported in the literature since 1886 are reviewed with respect to the clinical and pathologic findings in the cardiovascular system. From this review, the natural course of cardiovascular events in progeria has been reconstructed. Cardiac murmurs usually appear after the patients are 5 years old; subsequently, diastolic systemic hypertension, cardiomegaly, and hypercholesterolemia develop. Death from cardiac complications at an average age of 14 years is usually preceded by angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or congestive heart failure.
Merideth, Melissa A., et al. “Phenotype and course of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome.” New England Journal of Medicine 358.6 (2008): 592-604.
In this journal article researchersenrolled 15 children between 1 and 17 years of age, representing nearly half of the world’s known patients with Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome, in a comprehensive clinical protocol between February 2005 and May 2006.The results confirmed sclerotic skin, joint contractures, bone abnormalities, alopecia, and growth impairment in all 15 patients; cardiovascular and central nervous system sequelae were also documented.Other than the predicted findings, the clinical investigations came across new discoveries including prolonged prothrombin times, elevated platelet counts and serum phosphorus levels, measured reductions in joint range of motion, low-frequency conductive hearing loss, and functional oral deficits.The researchers concluded that establishing the detailed phenotype of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome is important because advances in understanding this syndrome may offer insight into normal aging. Abnormal lamin A (progerin) appears to accumulate with aging in normal cells. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00094393.)During this clinical protocol cardiovascular studies revealed diminishing vascular function with age, including elevated blood pressure, reduced vascular compliance, decreased ankle–brachial indexes, and adventitial thickening.
MONGA, DIMPLE, SIDHARTH MEHAN, and DEEPA KHANNA. “HUTCHINSON GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME: A FUTURE PARADIGM FOR DRUG DISCOVERY.”
This paper provides the effects of the disease progeria on the health of the people in the world and its current treatments.Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS; MIM 176670), is an extremely rare, sporadic genetic syndrome that characterized by premature aging of children with an estimated incidence of 1 per 4-8 millions live births. The major typically symptoms include failure to thrive, severe growth retardation, hair loss, scleroderma-like skin, diminished subcutaneous fat, prominent eyes, and prominent scalp veins, absent sexual maturation, reduced bone density and premature atherosclerosis. The cardiovascular diseases are the most serious aspect, because individuals with HGPS generally die at an average age of 11-13 years due to myocardial infarction, heart failure or cerebrovascular accident caused by progressive atherosclerotic disease. The incidence of HGPS is 1 in 4 million births. HGPS is associated with accumulation of DNA lesion and defect in DNA damage repair mechanism. HGPS remains incurable, with no therapy other than symptomatic treatment. Hydrotherapy promotes relaxation, relieves pain, assists movement and enables exercise. It can also help prevent arthritis from getting worse. Enrich diet prevent the progeria like nutrini, pro-cal, vitamin E. Rapamycin minimize the phenotypic effects of progeria& abolishment of nuclear blebbing. Farnesylationtransferase inhibitors are drugs that inhibit the activity of an enzyme needed in order to make a link between progerin proteins and farnesyl groups. By better understanding the mechanisms of HGPS, it may be possible to minimize the pathological process observed in HGPS, and to develop potential treatments for age-related disease.
Olive, Michelle, et al. “Cardiovascular pathology in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria: correlation with the vascular pathology of aging.” Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 30.11 (2010): 2301-2309.
The objective of this study was to create the first histological comparative evaluation between genetically confirmed HGPS and the cardiovascular disease of aging.The methods and results were to present structural and immunohistological analysis of cardiovascular tissues from 2 children with HGPS who died of myocardial infarction. Both had features classically associated with the atherosclerosis of aging, as well as arteriolosclerosis of small vessels. In addition, vessels exhibited prominent adventitial fibrosis, a previously undescribed feature of HGPS. Importantly, although progerin was detected at higher rates in the HGPS coronary arteries, it was also present in non-HGPS individuals. Between the ages of 1 month and 97 years, progerin staining increased an averageof 3.34% per year (P<0.0001) in coronary arteries.The research concluded that concordance among many aspects of cardiovascular pathology in both HGPS and geriatric patients. HGPS generates a more prominent adventitial fibrosis than typical CVD. Vascular progerin generation in young non-HGPS individuals, which significantly increases throughout life, strongly suggests that progerin has a role in cardiovascular aging of the general population.
Part B: Brief Research Proposal
The question that became evident was: Does progeria open a window into aging related cardiovascular disease? Hutchinson-Gilford progera syndrome is characterized as an extremely rare genetic disorder that causes premature, rapid aging shortly after birth.Due to the fact that HGPS constitutes aging, researchers are taking into account that it may be an opportunity to find new treatments for cardiovascular and other aging related diseases. It is affectionately called a paradigm for new therapeutic approaches. Although it is amongst the rarest diseases known to man, new discoveries about progeriaarise everyday.
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Type of paperEssay (Any Type)
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SubjectNature
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Number of pages2
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Writer levelUniversity
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Format of citationAPA
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Number of cited resources5
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Prepare answers to the questions below using Microsoft Word. Your responses should be double-spaced, using a standard 12-point font (like Times New Roman or Arial). Each response should be 400–500 words in length, approximately one and one-half to two pages. Select one of your favorite movies and conduct a brief analysis of the following elements as they occur in the film: theme, narrative, characters, point of view, and realism. Do not attempt to go into too much detail in your analysis, just enough to provide a brief overview of the film. You will probably want to dedicate one paragraph of writing to each of these elements. Be sure to keep your response under two pages. Select another one of your favorite movies and repeat the above assignment.
135515 EAST ASIA SECURITY ORDER IN 20~30 YEARS AND THE RISE OF CHINA AND THE POSSIBILITY OF REGIONAL HEGEMONIC RIVALRY IN NORTHEAST ASIA BETWEEM U.S. AND CHINA AND THE PEACE.
Disscusion Post
WEEK 1
post 1
Public health practice was initially concerned with infectious and environmentally related diseases, but in recent years has evolved to focus more on injury prevention, substance abuse, violence, tobacco-related, and other chronic diseases. Present at least one pivotal legal and historical occurrence that resulted in this shift of public health effort. Justify your rationale with supportive evidence.
post 2
Review the Ten Great Public Health Achievements (Exhibit 1-2) of your textbook. Select one of the 10 achievements. What is the importance of your chosen achievement to society? In your own words, defend its right to be considered a “Great Public Health Achievement.” Select three other peers’ postings and debate their analysis. Keep in mind all postings should be substantive and well supported with examples, details, and evidence. Brief responses are not appropriate.
WEEK 2
post 1
Focus on a “current event” ethical dilemma in public health. Apply the principles of the ethical practices of public health to resolve the issue (see page 151 of the textbook). You may integrate recommendations based on conclusions from public health acts and principles to support your position. Select three other peers’ postings and provide feedback on the presented resolution. Offer further suggestions, details, or examples.
post 2
State agencies typically follow one of two general structure models: 1) the free-standing agency model, or 2) the super agency model. What are the pros and cons of each model? Which model do you think is “ideal” for a state agency and why?
WEEK 3
Post 1
Within a budget there are two categories: mandatory and discretionary. In which categories do most public health programs fall? Provide an example of an expenditure that is considered mandatory. Justify your rationale. Provide an example of an expenditure that is discretionary. Justify your rationale.
diss 2
What are the responsibilities and role of the Appropriations Committee? What is the importance of this committee to public health spending as it relates to Medicaid and Medicare?
WEEK 4
post 1
The public health workforce is found in both population-based and institutional services that stem from the official public health agencies. What are the most frequent employment sites for health care workers? Present an example of an organization, institution, or agency that would be categorized under each service, population-based and institutional. Provide an example of a job title and an associated job description at each level of service. Select three other peers’ postings to peer review. Provide appropriate feedback
Post 2
Review the Root Cause Analysis page of the Systems Thinking Web site to learn more about conducting a root cause analysis. Using the “Root Cause Analysis Template,” conduct a root cause analysis of the situation described. Post a summary of your analysis, findings, and actions to the discussion board. Select three other peers’ postings to peer review. Provide appropriate feedback.
WEEK 5
Post 1
What are five sources of data that are available at the state level? What is the importance of each data source in public health funding and surveillance? Describe the information/content that can be found in these data sources. Present an example of an industry that might find each of these data sources useful.
Post 2
What is the difference between service-based and population-based applications for information systems in public health organizations? Present an example of each application and justify your rationale. Select three other peers’ postings to peer review. Provide appropriate feedback.
WEEK 6
Post 1
As it relates to the development and management of public health assessment activities, what is your response to the following statement? It is suggested that the assessment process is driven by decisions made by the community members themselves, rather than by influences from the outside community. Select three other peers’ postings and debate their response. Keep in mind all postings should be substantive and well supported with examples, details, and evidence. Brief responses are not appropriate.
Post 2
What are the four organizational strategy types? Describe how an organization chooses which strategy to implement.
WEEK 7
Post 1
Provide an example of the three prevention strategies: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention as they relate to disaster epidemiology. Justify your rationale. Select three other peers’ postings and debate their responses.
Post 2
How are surveillance systems used in post-disaster situations? Support your answer with examples and evidence.
WEEK 8
Post 1
Explain the life cycle of public health partnerships. Why are collaborative partnerships important? What reasons or issues lead to the termination of partnerships?
Post 2
What is the difference between intervention research and systems research? Provide an example of a public health advancement or accomplishment that represents each type of research. In addition, explain the role of systems research and the integration of systems theory for public health programs implemented within community-based organizations. Justify your rationale.
ASSIGNMENTS
#1
Details:
1) Design a PowerPoint presentation (6-8 slides) in which you define public health.
2) Provide an overview of Healthy People 2020 and present your perspectives regarding at least one of the leading health concerns posed by Healthy People 2020.
3) While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
4) This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
#2
Details:
1) Submit a paper (1,250-1,500 words) focusing on public health reform. Provide an overview of the current status of public health in the United States.
2) Review a portion of the Affordable Care Act and present the strengths and weaknesses of the plan, as well as make suggestions for plan improvement.
3) Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
4) This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
#3
) Create a small budget for a hypothetical state program based on priority health concerns from Healthy People 2010.
2) In addition, create a narrative (2-4 sentences) that identifies the most appropriate federal funding source for your proposed program.
3) APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
4) This assignment uses a grading rubric that can be viewed at the assignment’s drop box. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
#5
1) Select a database from NCHS or complete a query using CDC WISQARS.
2) Select a specific health concern or injury using the population of your choice.
3) Submit a report that provides the database or query results. The report should consist of a demographic description of the chosen population including a review of noticeable trends in morbidity and/or mortality by race, gender, and geographic location where specified.
4) Based on the results and possible trends, present the implications (500-1,000 words) for public health intervention or involvement.
5) Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
6) This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assign
#7 will update you with the topic chosen
This is a CLC assignment.
The instructor will assign each student to a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) group.
Each CLC group will be assigned one of the following public health emergencies to analyze: swine flu, shortages of influenza vaccine, anthrax, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Gulf of Mexico oil spill, Hurricane Katrina, California wildfires, syphilis outbreak, salmonella outbreak, and mass trauma (such as that associated with terrorists/bombings).
In a report format of 500-750 words, address the following:
1) Describe the chain of command and the method of public health response that was conducted in this situation.
2) Determine the important public health issues related to medical care in this situation.
3) Describe the possible public health risks as well as the pros and cons of communicating the situation to the public and the media.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
One member of the CLC group will post the assignment on Day 1 of the Module 8 discussion forum for peer review. Individually, provide constructive feedback and commentary and ask specific questions to all posted public health emergencies. In particular, focus on the chain of command as it relates to addressing the specific emergency, the benefits of effective communication, and the risks associated with miscommunication of emergency-related events and statistics. It is the CLC group’s responsibility to decide who will respond to the postings provided by peers. This will account for part of your participation grade for the week.
#8
Conduct a review of your state health department online to identify diseases affecting your community.
In a report format of 1,250-1,500 words, address the following:
1) Describe the health concerns of the community.
2) Suggest a prevention or intervention program based on the data retrieved.
3) Create a sample program budget.
4) Complete a SWOT analysis of the proposed program.
Contact state or local health departments to discuss divisional/local hierarchy and decision-making processes related to a specific health care concern. Assign project roles based on this interview.
APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.